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The following publication by the Global Alliance for Peace Operations (GAPO) comprises 8 separate policy papers co-written by different teams of peace operations experts and scholars as part of the GAPO civil society and expert input for the UN Peacekeeping Ministerial 2025 in Berlin. The Policy recommendations of the papers were presented by the Authors and Alliance members during an Online Export Workshop in April 2025.
1. Preparing for the Future – Strengthening the Impact of Peace Operations
Lotte Vermeij (NORCAP), Annika Hansen (Center for International Peace Operations), Cedric de Coning (Norwegian Institute of Foreign Affairs/ACCORD), Seba Issa (Cairo International Centre for Conflict Resolution, Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding), Annika Hilding-Norberg (Geneva Centre for Security Policy), Patrick Cammaert, Johanna Hakanen and Jyrki Ruohomäki (CMC Finland), and Benoit Pylyser (Challenges Forum International Secretariat)
2. Protection of Civilians in Peace Operations
Emily Paddon Rhoads and Jennifer Welsh (Centre for International Peace and Security Studies, Max Bell School of Public Policy, McGill University), with Lauren McGowan and Jenna Russo (International Peace Institute); Maj Gen PK Goswami, Maj Gen (Dr) AKBardalai and Col (Dr) KK Sharma (United Service Institution of India); Dawit Yohannes, Meressa Kahsu Dessu and Emmaculate Liaga (Institute for Security Studies); Charles Hunt (RMIT University).
3. The Peacebuilding and Peace Operations Interface: Ensuring Peace Becomes Self-sustainable
Cedric de Coning (Norwegian Institute of International Affairs/ACCORD), Wibke Hansen (Center for International Peace Operations), Andrew Hyde (Stimson Center) and Clèmentine Lienard (Interpeace)
4. Local Politics and Perspectives in UN Peace Operations
Prof. Sarah von Billerbeck (University of Reading), Maj. Gen. (Dr.) A.K. Bardalai (United Service Institution of India), Maj. Gen. P.K. Goswami (United Service Institution of India), Dr. Jenna Russo (International Peace Institute), Col. (Dr.) K.K. Sharma (United Service Institution of India)
5. Leadership in UN Peace Operations
Manuel Fröhlich (Trier University), Catharina Nickel (UNU-CPR), Adrian Steube (Trier University), David Teiner (Trier University)
6. The Importance of Peacekeeping Partnerships
Jenna Russo (International Peace Institute), Andrew Hyde (Stimson Center), Solomon Ayele Dersso (Amani Africa)
7. The Future of Peacekeeping Needs Everyone: A Path Forward for Women’s Meaningful Participation in Peace Operations
Sabrina Karim (Gender and Security Sector Lab, Cornell University), Inka Lilja (DCAF -Geneva Centre for Security Sector Governance), Sarah Rowse (DCAF Consultant), Zinab Attai (GSS Lab), Kathleen Fallon (GSS Lab)
8. The future of UN Peacekeeping in a Changing Climate
Lukas Rüttinger and Alexandra Steinkraus (adelphi research)
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The following publication by the Global Alliance for Peace Operations (GAPO) brings together 19 separate issue paper and policy recommendations, written or co-written by peace operations experts and scholars as part of the GAPO civil society and expert input for the UN Peacekeeping Ministerial 2025 in Berlin. The Policy recommendations of the papers were presented by the Authors and Alliance members during an Online Export Workshop in April 2025. The papers included are:
1. Taking UN Peace Operations to the Next Level: Strategic Revitalization and Reinforcement of UN Military and Civilian Observers
Annika Hilding Norberg, Brig. Gen. Marcel Amstutz, Maj. Gen. (R.), Dr A. K. Bardalai, Lt. Gen. (R.), Robert Mood, and William Phillips
2. Prioritizing Protection of Civilians in Future Peace Operations: Applying Lessons from 25 Years of POC
Lisa Sharland
3. Making a Difference in Protection: Options and Trade-offs along Core Principles
Judith Vorrath
4. Integrating Mass Atrocity Prevention into the Future of Peacekeeping
Ekkehard Strauss
5. International Humanitarian Law and Peacekeeping
Maj Gen PK Goswami
6. Building Resilience in the Context of Climate Change: Recommendations and Lessons from Peace Operations in Africa
Cedric de Coning, Andrea Prah and Tobias Pietz
7. The Future of UN Peacekeeping in a Changing Climate
Lukas Rüttinger and Alexandra Steinkraus
8. Peacekeeping Renewable Energy Can Help Achieve the Goals of UN Peace Operations and Enhance Resilience
Andrew Hyde
9. Integrating Ad Hoc Coalitions in International Conflict Management
John Karlsrud and Yf Reykers
10. Stick or Twist: Is Peace Enforcement part of the UN’s Future?
Jordan Street, Abigail Watson and Kirsten Hartmann
11. UN Peacekeeping in Ukraine: Is it a Possibility?
Major Gen (Dr) AK Bardalai (retd)
12. Balancing National Objectives and Local Needs
Jyrki Ruohomäki and Johanna Hakanen
13. Funding Peace Operations in a Changing Geopolitical Environment: Insights from the Discussion on Applying UNSC Resolution 2719 to AUSSOM
Dawit Yohannes, Meressa Kahsu, Emmaculate A Liaga, Ibrahim Barrie, Tamrat Zeyede, Tsion Belay Alene
14. Embedding Sustainability in Peacekeeping: Insights from Security Sector Governance and Reform
Vincenza Scherrer and Jenna Russo
15. An Ingredient for Sustainable Peace: Planning Safe-exit Strategies for Peace Operations
Interpeace
16. Enhancing the Role of UNPOL in Peacekeeping Operations
Charles T. Hunt and Ekkehard Strauss
17. Transnational Organized Crime and Peacekeeping
Summer Walker and Catharina Nickel
18. Civilian peacekeeping: Lessons from Civilian-Led Ceasefire Monitoring in the Philippines
Nonviolent Peaceforce
19. Learning From What Works: Lessons for Responding to Digital Threats to Peacekeeping
Abigail Watson
